A Level: Radioactivity Questions
Q14.
The diagram below shows a grid of neutron number against proton number. A nucleus
is marked in place:
![](../grid.png)
(a) Draw arrows on the grid, each starting on X and ending on a daughter nucleus after the following transitions:
(i) β– emission (label this arrow A), neutron emission (label this arrow B), electron capture (label this arrow C).
(ii) Give the equation for electron capture by the nucleus
.
(4 marks)
(b) When
decays to
by β– decay, the daughter nucleus is produced in one of two possible excited states. These two states are shown in below together with their corresponding energies.
![](../energydiagram.png)
(i) Calculate the maximum possible kinetic energy, in J, which an emitted β– particle can have.(ii) The excited aluminium nuclei emit γ-photons. Calculate each of the three possible γ-photon energies
(iii) Calculate the frequency of the most energetic photon emitted.
![](../../../../graphics/equations/dataSheet/photons.png)
![](../../../../graphics/equations/dataSheet/constants.png)
(3 marks)
(c)
(i) State and explain two precautions that should be taken when working with a sample of
in a school laboratory.
(ii) Discuss which of the two types of radiation, β– or γ, emitted from a sample of
would be the more hazardous.
(3 marks)
(Total 10 marks)
![](../../../../graphics/buttons/Clickhereforsolution.png)